https://www.straitstimes.com/business/c ... ing-pricesSINGAPORE - The first time the world took serious note of the importance and impact of container shipping on the global supply chain was in March 2021, when the giant container ship Ever Given got stuck and blocked the Suez Canal.
The incident saw worldwide container shipping rates skyrocketing. According to Clarkson Research, boxship charter rates quadrupled in 2021.
Come the new year, the surge in container rates has not subsided. In fact, never has container shipping begun a new year on such a high.
Two factors which could supercharge demand this year are the impending reopening in China, and US importers rushing to restock depleted inventories.
Seasoned analysts like Mr Judah Levine of Freightos see no chance of falling rates until underlying demand wanes. And that does not look likely any time soon.
Industry literature cites how the surge in rates has led to postponements in retirements of older container ships and spike in prices of second-hand vessels.
Clarkson' s second-hand container ship price index rose 33 per cent last year to a seven-year high, with the value of the global merchant fleet at US$1.042 trillion.
Some actual transacted prices have been even higher, according to trade publications.
The price of a 10-year old 4,500 TEU vessel is up some 270 per cent since June last year, while that for a 6,600 TEU second-hand vessel has shot up by over 140 per cent.
Meanwhile, the surge in rates is forcing shippers to abandon spot rates based on historical prices. Extensions and new rate fixtures are now being done on an average of 300 days ahead of the charter.
All this has translated into phenomenal profit for owners and operators of container vessels over the past year.
One company worth watching closely is mainboard-listed Samudera Shipping Line, which is expected to report its full-year results this month.
Samudera runs a thriving regional container shipping business which provides feeder services between Singapore and other regional ports in Asia. It also operates a bulk and tanker business which transports dry bulk, liquid and gas cargo, while its logistics arm does freight forwarding, warehousing and agency services.
But container shipping accounts for 95 per cent of its business.
Samudera' s half-year results to end-June 2021 surged 5.1 times to US$37.9 million, on the back of a 20 per cent rise in revenue to US$209.1 million. The half-year profit works out to 6.8 US cents or 9.2 Singapore cents per share (Samudera' s shares are quoted in Singapore currency, while financials are stated in US dollar).
Gross margin tripled from 7.4 per cent in 2020 to 21.4 per cent during the first half of the last financial year, thanks to surging shipping rates. Net cash from operating activities jumped to US$39 million, from US$13 million a year earlier.
As a result, Samudera came into the second half of 2021 with a cash position of US$108.6 million (or S$146 million), translating into 28 Singapore cents per share based on 529 million shares.
This is half its current market cap.
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Given that the second half includes the traditional year-end high-season scramble for shipping space, the performance numbers to end-December 2021 could be significantly higher.
Even if its July-December 2021 numbers are only as good as the January-June figures, Samudera' s earnings per share will be over Singapore 18 cents, lowering its price-earnings multiple to three times (based on current stock price).
As at end-June last year, its net assets per share stood at 42.71 US cents, translating to 57 Singapore cents. Given container ship values have doubled since 2020, its real net asset value is likely to be much higher.
There is nothing listed on the Singapore Exchange at the moment with these kinds of ratios.
Charter rates are now being negotiated one to three years ahead at historically high rates. And should war break out in Eastern Europe, further tightening of the global supply chain crunch could further ratchet up rates.
Not surprisingly, the overwhelming consensus among industry insiders, including Mr Soren Skou, chief executive of shipping giant A.P. Moller-Maersk, is that while 2021 was a record year for container shipping worldwide, demand and pricing capacity in 2022 will remain extremely strong for container ship operators and possibly beat all previous records.
The good times look set to continue rolling for Samudera and its industry cohorts.
The Singapore-listed entity is 65 per cent controlled by Indonesia' s Samudera Shipping.
It would be interesting to see what the parent does after its Singapore unit reports results.